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Choose collection locationBiochemistry · Individual laboratory test
Urea forms as the body processes protein and is removed mainly by the kidneys. A blood result is often viewed alongside creatinine.
Clinical authorDr Nirupama SabhapathySpecialist Clinical Pathology
Understanding the test
Also called Kidney Waste Marker
A urea result helps assess how kidneys handle a protein waste product. It may be useful in tracking kidney disease or fluid changes.
Urea is one of several waste markers used when reviewing filtration.
A recent change in protein intake or hydration can help explain a change in the result.
Before your sample
Fasting is generally unnecessary for urea. Keep to your usual fluid and protein intake, within any medical restrictions, and report recent fluid loss or a major diet change.
A clinician takes a small sample of blood from a vein. The laboratory uses serum, the liquid separated from the blood after it clots.
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Kidney clearance is only part of the picture. A high-protein intake, dehydration and other clinical factors can alter urea, so the result is usually compared with creatinine.
From sample to follow-up

Choose your location, add the test to your care bag and select a time. If you are booking for someone else, assign the test to them in checkout.
Choose collection locationLook for Urea in your report. Use the sample type and collection time when comparing it with an earlier report.
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Take both the units and the test name from older reports, particularly if one used BUN, so the clinician can compare like with like.
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They describe related aspects of the same substance but use different reporting conventions. Use the units and reference interval printed for your own test.
Reduced kidney clearance is the classic explanation, but it is not the only one. Dehydration, reduced blood flow to the kidneys as in heart failure, bleeding into the digestive tract, major injury, burns, severe infection, steroid treatment and obstruction to urine flow from prostate enlargement or stones all raise it. Your doctor uses creatinine and your symptoms to tell these apart.
A low urea is not a sign of especially good health. It reflects less urea being made or more dilution: advanced liver disease, since the liver produces urea, a diet persistently low in protein or malnutrition, overhydration, or pregnancy, when plasma volume expands and kidney filtration increases. On its own it is usually not concerning, and your doctor reads it with your liver tests and diet.
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Written by Dr Nirupama Sabhapathy, Specialist Clinical Pathology. Medically reviewed by Dr Joyce Jose, Specialist Clinical Pathology, on .
Catalogue information and AED price checked on 2 November 2026. Clinical suitability, preparation, collection arrangements and turnaround are confirmed for your selected test.